Basic History, Rules & Regulations and Tactics of Basketball

Basic History, Rules & Regulations and Tactics of  Basketball 

Basketball games are a group game consisting of two teams competing in which each team consists of 5 players. As for how to play it is by carrying or passing the ball hoist one team to enter the ball into a basket or commonly called a basketball hoop. The main goal in playing basketball is to score as many numbers as possible by inserting the ball into the basketball hoop and preventing the basketball hoop from entering the ball. 

In this discussion we will try to explain the history, rules and basic techniques of basketball. Hopefully our article can be useful for students in schools, students and people involved and reading this article. Immediately following the full description.

 History of Basketball Game

Basketball game James A Naismith on December 15, 1891 in Massachusetts, United States. He is a sports teacher who teaches at YMCA universities (a Christian school). Canadian sports teachers are required to be able to create a game in a closed room, so that students can fill their spare time during the winter holidays.

At the beginning of its development, many people opposed basketball games because they were considered too hard and not suitable to be played in a closed room. Responding to the refusal, James A Naismith decided to arrange some basic rules, one of which was to place a basket on the wall of the gym. The initial rules of the basketball game also state that each playing team consists of nine members, and does not use the dribble  technique  to feed the ball. The game technique that was in effect at that time only moved the ball with a throw. After the regulation has been established with some basic rules, students are also asked to play the game.

Basketball quickly developed rapidly throughout the world so that finally on June 18, 1932 in the form of FIBA ​​(International Basketball de Amateur Federation) as the parent organization of the world basketball. The founding countries are Greece, Italy, Argentina, Latvia, Switzerland, Romania, Portugal and Cekoslawakia.

Basketball games entered Indonesia were brought by traders from China and precisely In 1951, Maladi who was one of the national sports figures asked Tonny Wen and Wim Latumenten to form a basket of basketball organizations in Indonesia. Maladi's position at that time was the secretary of the Indonesian Olympic Committee (KOI).

On the initiative of the two figures, on October 23, 1951 a basketball organization was formed in Indonesia under the name "Basketball Association of Indonesia". In 1955, names were refined according to the rules of the Indonesian language. The name is "Basketball Association throughout Indonesia" abbreviated as Perbasi. The first Perbasi Management was Tonny Wen as chairman and Wim Latumeten as secretary.

 Field, time and number of basketball players

The basketball court is rectangular with two standard sizes, namely 28.5 meters long and 15 meters wide for the National Basketball Association standard and 26 meters long and 14 meters wide for the standards of the International Basketball Federation. The three circles contained in the basketball court have a radius of 1.80 meters.

The number of players in basketball games is 5 people in one team with a reserve of 5 people. While the number of referees in basketball games is 2 people. Referee 1 is called Referee while referee 2 is called Umpire.

The duration of the game is 4 x 10 minutes if guided by the rules of the International Basketball Federation (FIBA) while for the National Basketball Association (NBA) Version the game time is 4 x 12 minutes. Between the 1st, 2nd, 3rd and 4th round there is a 10-minute break. If the same score occurs at the end of the match an extension of time must be held until the score difference occurs. Between two additional rounds there is a 2 minute break. The time to throw in is 5 seconds.

The surrounding ball used in basketball games is 75 cm - 78 cm. While the weight of the ball is 600 - 650 grams. If the ball is dropped from a height of 1.80 meters on the board floor, then the ball must return at a height between 1.20 - 1.40 meters.

The outer reflected board length is 1.80 meters while the outer reflected board width is 1.20 meters. And the inner length of the reflective board is 0.59 meters while the inner board width is 0.45 meters.

The distance of the floor to the bottom bounce board is 2.75 meters. While the distance of the bottom bounce board to the basketball hoop is 0.30 meters. Namely basketball hoop has a length of 0.40 meters. While the distance of the support pole to the finish line is 1 meter.

The length of the center line of the circle on the basketball court is 1.80 meters with the size of the line width of 0.05 meters. The length of the end of the circle area of ​​attack is 6 meters. While the penalty shot line length is 3.60 meters.

 Basic Techniques of Basketball Games

The basics of basketball games are always in development according to the times of development and different from the beginning of their creation that only use the basic technique of throwing. Here are basic techniques in basketball games that you need to know, namely:

1. Herding Techniques ( Dribble )    

In basketball games, the dribbling technique is often called  dribble . This technique aims to bring the ball to avoid opponents or feed it to teammates close to the opponent's basketball hoop to enter the ball into the basketball hoop to score. The difference in the technique of herding in basketball and soccer games lies in the way the player leads the ball. Dribble  on basketball is done by reflecting the ball on the surface of the floor by hand, while in football,  dribble is  done by dribbling the ball using the foot. There are two types of  dribble  in basketball games:

Dribble  Height: A technique to dribble quickly to enter the opponent's defense area.  High dribble is done by running or walking fast when the player holding the ball is far from the opposing player.

Dribble  Low: A low dribble technique is applied to defend the ball from an opponent's attack. This technique is used when players face directly against an opponent and want to find a gap when the opponent is off guard.

 High and low combined dribble : this technique is used in accordance with the conditions and situations in the field.

2.    The Passing ( Passing )

The technique of baiting is in principle done to direct the ball to teammates. This technique can be done by throwing a ball at a teammate after dribbling a ball with one or two hands. There are six types of  passing  that are often found in basketball games:

Chest Pass : The technique of lure by throwing the ball in front of the chest using two hands. Regular past chess is applied when it feeds the ball at a partner who is close to us. In order not to be readily readable, the player usually uses a deceptive motion in the other direction using the pivot Bounce Pass : A technique to reflect the ball down to be received by a teammate that is used to avoid facing opponents.

Overhead Passing : Technique of passing the ball from above the head. Regular overhead passing is used when players are surrounded by opponents.

Baseball Pass : A throwing technique similar to throwing a ball on a baseball game  . This technique is often used to surprise opponents with unexpected throws.

Hook Pass : A technique that is carried out with one hand with the position folding above the shoulder. This technique is used to damage the opponent's defense.

Under Pass : The lure technique done from the waist.

3. Pivot technique    

The pivot technique is the rotating motion of all directions by focusing on one foot as its focus. The pivot technique is used to manipulate the opponent's opponent. The trick, the player moves the body by turning and resting on one leg and both hands keep the ball from the opponent's raid.

4. Mechanical Shooting ( Shooting )

Shooting techniques or commonly called shooting is a basic technique that must be mastered by basketball players because it serves to score numbers or points. This technique is done by inserting a ball into the opponent's ring using a set shoot technique   (staying in place and inserting a ball with one or two hands), 

As for the example of guessing (shooting) are as follows:

jump shoot  (insert the ball by jumping), and 

lay up  (insert the ball by running then jump / hover).

5.  Teknik Rebound

Rebound is a technique to pick up the ball that fails into the ring. There are two types of rebounds, namely offensive and defensive rebounds.

Offensive rebounds are throws that fail to enter then are put back into the ring by teammates and if successful, the team gets two points. While a defensive rebound is a technique to seize a ball that is failed to be inserted by an opponent so there is no more effort to put the ball into the ring.

6. Slum Dunk

Technique Technique slum dunk is a technique of entering basketball into a basketball hoop by jumping and sticking your palm to the basketball ring (swinging).

Rules of basketball game

Basic rules in Basketball games include:

• The ball can be thrown in any direction by using one or both hands.
• The ball can be beaten in all directions by using either one or both hands, but can not be beaten by fist (punching).
• Players are not allowed to run while holding the ball. The player must throw the ball from the point of receiving the ball, but it is permissible if the player runs at normal speed.
• The ball must be held inside or between the palms. The arm or other body member is not allowed to hold the ball.
• Players are not allowed to attack, hold, push, hit or tackle the opposing player in any way. The first violation of this rule will be counted as a mistake, the second violation will be sanctioned in the form of disqualification of the offender until the team's basket is entered by the opponent's ball, and if the violation is carried out in order to injure the opponent, the offender will be punished . At this time, player substitution is not allowed.
• An error is made by the player when he hits the ball with a fist (punches), violates the rules 3 and 4, and violates the things mentioned in rule 5.
• If a party commits three consecutive mistakes, the mistake will be counted as a goal for the opponent (consecutively means without the return of the opponent).
• Goals occur when the ball is thrown or struck from the field into the basket, in which case the player who keeps the basket does not touch or disturb the goal. When the ball is stuck on the edge of the basket or the opponent moves the basket, it will not be counted as a goal.
• When the ball out of the match field, the ball will be thrown back in and played by the first player to touch it. If there is a disagreement over the possession of the ball, then the referee will throw it into the field. Ball thrower given 5 seconds to throw the ball in his hand. If he holds longer than that time, the possession of the ball will move. If either party does anything that can delay the match, the referee can give them a warning reminder.
• The referee has the right to pay attention to the players' play and record the number of violations and notify the assistant referee in the event of successive violations. Referees have full rights to disqualify players who commit violations in accordance with those listed in rule 5.
• The assistant referee pays attention to the ball and makes a decision if the ball is considered to have left the field, changes in possession of the ball, and calculates time. The assistant referee has the right to determine the validity of a goal and count the number of goals that occur.
• Match time is 4 quarters of 10 minutes each:The party who succeeds in entering the ball to the most ring will be declared the winnerThat's a glimpse of basketball games, from basketball history, basketball basics and basketball rules. may be useful.